Overseas spouses must speak English before arriving in UK, court rules

Rashida Chapti, whose husband of 40 years cannot join her in Britain because he does not speak English. Photograph: Rui Vieira/PA

The high court has upheld a government rule requiring spouses to prove they can speak English before they can join their partners in Britain.

Mr Justice Beatson dismissed a judicial review challenge brought by three couples to the immigration rule, introduced last November, on the grounds that it was racist and would break up their families.

The couples included Rashida Chapti, a British citizen. She has been married for almost 40 years, has six children and divides her time between Leicester and India. Her husband, Vali, wants to join her permanently in Britain but he does not speak, read or write English.

The high court judge, sitting in Birmingham, said the requirement to have passed a pre-entry English language test did interfere with the couple's article 8 rights to a family life but this was justified in the interests of promoting integration and protecting public services.

Beatson also rejected the argument that the language tests were discriminatory because they required someone with a degree in English from India to sit the test but not Spanish-speakers from California.

The judge said that the decision to distinguish between nationals of countries considered to be "English-speaking" and those from elsewhere was rational.

The ruling is a major victory for the home secretary, Theresa May, in her efforts to persuade the courts to adopt a less rigid approach to article 8 human rights cases.

The immigration minister, Damian Green, said: "We believe it is entirely reasonable that someone intending to live in the UK should understand English, so that they can integrate and participate fully in our society. We are very pleased that the courts agree with us."

But the Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants, which officially intervened in the case, said it was very disappointed by the ruling.

Hina Majid, the JCWI's legal director, said: "No one in their right mind would pretend that learning English is not a good thing for immigrants in the UK to do. This ruling, however, will mean that many British citizens will continue to experience enforced and indefinite separation from loved ones, partners, and in some cases, their children.

"It is already a legal requirement that partners and spouses must demonstrate linguistic skills shortly after arrival in the UK. In countries experiencing conflict, poverty, natural disasters and political instability, it can however be extremely difficult to acquire linguistic skills prior to arrival in the UK. Spouses in parts of Sudan, Yemen and Gaza for example often struggle to find decent tuition."

According to the new rules, spouses will be required to attain a "basic" level of English that can be reached after 40-50 hours of tuition.

But Majid said that a far more effective way of reaching that level would be to charge spouses home tuition rates for English classes immediately on arrival in the UK, instead of the current prohibitive overseas rates.

"This would mean that more could afford to attend high quality classes early on," she said.

"It would not only improve linguistic skills, but would also bolster our struggling education sector, keep families together and ultimately save the taxpayer from forking out millions for the implementation of this scheme."

The proposal to introduce pre-entry English language tests for those coming to Britain to join a spouse or civil partner on a spousal visa was first proposed by Labour ministers three years ago to encourage integration, help newcomers get work and make clear to migrants the importance of learning English. It was introduced by the coalition last November.

The tests apply only to those who come from non-English-speaking countries. The top five nationalities of those coming to marry UK citizens are Pakistan (8,570 people), India (5,110), Bangladesh (2,780), US (2,110) and Thailand (1,776).

 

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Army officer to appear in court over teenage cadet drowning

Kaylee McIntosh, 14, who died during a training exercise, Loch Carnan, South Uist. Photograph: PA

An army major who ran a training exercise near the Outer Hebrides in which a 14-year-old cadet drowned when her boat capsized off South Uist is to appear in court.

Kaylee McIntosh, from Fyvie in Aberdeenshire, was found dead under a dinghy after the boating exercise in Loch Carnan commanded by Major George McCallum was caught in a storm in August 2007.

It emerged on Friday that McCallum, 51, from Peterhead, will appear in Inverness sheriff court on Wednesday 21 December on criminal charges under health and safety legislation.

Investigations by a fatal accident inquiry and the marine accident investigation branch revealed a catalogue of errors, and breaches of army rules and safety procedures, during the exercise.

It emerged that the Rigid Raider boat was overloaded with passengers and unstable, that McIntosh was wearing an adult-sized lifejacket which was too large for her, and that no head count had been taken before the children boarded several boats on the loch.

The inquiries found that officers running the exercise failed to check the weather forecast or carry out a proper risk assessment.

The FAI found that McIntosh, whose body was not discovered for three hours, had probably died after a "reflex cardiac arrest", also known as "dry drowning", when a heart attack is triggered by hypothermia and breathing under water.

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Julian Assange can appeal against extradition, supreme court rules

Julian Assange's appeal against his extradition will be heard by the supreme court on 1 February. Photograph: Lefteris Pitarakis/AP

The highest court in the land has granted permission for Julian Assange to appeal against his extradition to Sweden, where he faces sex crime allegations.

The supreme court said it would hear the appeal because the WikiLeaks founder's case raised a question on extradition law "of general public importance".

The two-day hearing will begin on 1 February, the court said.

The appeal will be heard by a panel of seven of the 12 supreme court justices "given the great public importance of the issue raised, which is whether a prosecutor is a judicial authority", a supreme court spokesman said.

He went on: "The supreme court has today considered an application by Julian Assange for permission to appeal to the court, following the divisional court's certification of a point of law of general public importance.

"A panel of three supreme court justices – Lord Hope, Lord Mance and Lord Dyson – has considered the written submissions of the parties; this is the court's usual practice for considering applications for permission to appeal.

"The supreme court has granted permission to appeal and a hearing has been scheduled for two days, beginning on 1 February 2012."

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Ed Miliband hails byelection victory as triumph for Labour

Ken Livingstone with Ed Miliband and Seema Malhotra in Feltham town centre. Photograph: Stefan Rousseau/PA

Labour's comfortable byelection victory in west London was a verdict on the government's failed economic plan, the Labour leader Ed Miliband has claimed.

The winning candidate, Seema Malhotra, secured victory in the early hours with an increased majority of 6,203 over the Tories, a swing of 8.6%. The Lib Dems held on to third place with 1,364 votes, fighting off a UK Independence party (Ukip) challenge. The byelection was prompted by the death last month of the Labour MP Alan Keen.

Addressing supporters in Feltham town centre, Miliband called on the Tories to "listen" to voters.

He said: "I think it is pretty offensive that the Conservatives are saying this morning: 'Well, what do you expect? It's a traditional Labour area.'

"They shouldn't be denying the people's choice. They should be listening to the people's verdict.

"I think that is one of the things people really don't like about this government – that they don't listen. They really need to start listening."

The Labour leader was visiting with Malhotra and Labour's London mayoral candidate, Ken Livingstone.

Election analysts may focus on the surprisingly low turnout, which was just 28.8% – the lowest in a byelection for 11 years.

The lowest was in West Bromwich West in November 2000, at 27.6%.

Malhotra grew up in Feltham, and attended a school in Heston. She was an adviser to Harriet Harman during her stint as leader of the opposition in 2010.

Lady Warsi, the Conservative chairman, said the result was "disappointing" for her party, although not unexpected.

But she said the very low turnout was worrying: "Byelections generally have low turnouts, [especially] byelections at this time of year when it's cold and just before Christmas and people are thinking about other things.

"But I am concerned about the level of political engagement. It can't be right that on 12,000 votes a constituency can be won."

The Conservatives' share of the vote fell from 33% to 28%, while the Lib Dems' dropped from 14% to less than 6%.

Ukip saw its share more than double from 2% to more than 5%, but it was unable to take third place from the Lib Dems.

Simon Hughes, the deputy Lib Dem leader, said the result was as expected. "What happened here was what normally happens in a byelection. People protest against the government, so government parties take a hit [and] the opposition normally moves forward," he said.

He explained that his party was "fighting a particularly difficult corner" because it was pro-European in a country "where the majority of people still like to see us, as it were, having a go at our European neighbours".

Livingstone said: "Labour's Seema Malhotra ran a fantastic campaign and will be a great advocate for the people of Feltham and Heston in parliament."

He said the result sent "a clear message over the need for jobs and recovery to the Tory-led government".

"A swing to Labour in outer London, where fares are rising, 24 police officers have been cut and there has been a 147% increase in youth unemployment, raises serious questions about the mayor of London's position ahead of next May's elections," he said.

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Man accused of 1966 murder of Yolande Waddington to face trial

Yolande Waddington was killed in 1966 when she was 17. David Burgess has been charged with her murder and will face trial in 2012. Photograph: PA

A 64-year-old man accused of murdering a teenage girl 45 years ago is expected to face trial next summer.

The body of Yolande Waddington, a 17-year-old nanny, was found in the village of Beenham in Berkshire in 1966.

David Burgess was charged last month with murdering Yolande, who had arrived in the village only a few days before she was killed.

Yolande was last seen alive at the Six Bells pub on the evening of 28 October 1966, and she was found dumped in a ditch beside a farmer's barn two days later.

Burgess was charged after a cold case review by Thames Valley police's major crime review team.

White-haired, bespectacled Burgess spoke only to confirm his name when he appeared at Reading crown court on Friday. He was remanded in custody.

Burgess, of Beenham, will enter a plea at a plea and case management hearing in Reading on 9 March. A provisional trial date has been set for 13 June.

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Guardian Focus podcast: are Britain's roads safe for cyclists?

Earlier this month, 22-year-old cyclist Ellie Carey was killed in a collision with an HGV near Tower Bridge in central London. It brought the total number of fatalities in the capital up to 16 this year, the highest for five years. The number of cyclist deaths across the UK also increased in 2009 and 2010.

We've heard fine words from the government about the environmental and health benefits of cycling. But is enough being done to make the roads safe for those on a bike?

Hugh Muir speaks to experts from Sustran and the London Cycling Campaign; the families of cyclists killed by lorries; and Guardian bike bloggers Peter Walker and James Randerson. Hugh also tackles the notorious Kings Cross gyratory system on his bicycle.

 

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France v Britain: a history of cross-Channel slanging matches

Napoleon: likely to be mentioned in a row between the French and the British. Photograph: Alamy

In the roll-call of great cross-Channel slanging matches, of course, it still has some way to go. But the Franco-British spat sparked by Dave's rejection of Angela and Nicolas's cunning plan to save the euro has been given wings by news the US credit agencies may soon strip France of its triple-A rating and is coming along very nicely, thank you.

"One would rather be French than British at the moment," France's finance minister, François Baroin, thrust on Friday, pressing home Thursday's barb from the head of the Bank of France to the effect that if anyone's AAA-listing should be at risk it was Britain's, not France's. This after the revelation that the French president thought the British PM behaved "like a stubborn child" during last week's Brussels summit.

It's almost starting to feel like we're back in the good old days of July 2005, when Paris lost out to London in the battle to stage the 2012 Olympic Games, a defeat immediately interpreted by France as a bitter blow to Gallic ideals of fair play and non-commercialism and yet another undeserved triumph for the underhand, free-market manoeuvrings of perfidious Albion.

Or perhaps the "mad cow"-fuelled beef war in the late 1990s, when France maintained its ban on British beef for three long years after the rest of the EU had lifted it, prompting the Sun to publish a special edition in French portraying then president Jacques Chirac as a worm. Not to mention the heated words exchanged over Paris's persistent refusal to close the Sangatte refugee camp.

We're some distance yet, though, from rivalling June 2005, when at another EU summit France demanded that Britain surrender its €3bn subsidy and Britain, in return, suggested France might like to pass up on some of its 22% share of the EU agricultural budget.

That prompted Chirac to call Tony Blair's attitude "pathetic and tragic" and the PM himself "worse than Thatcher; just as arrogant, but selfish too". Blair responded that he was "not prepared to have someone tell me there is only one view of what Europe is".

And we're nowhere near 2002, when a particularly ugly spat – again over the Common Agricultural Policy – led Chirac to publicly scold Blair for being "bad-mannered" and call off the annual Franco-British summit. (One witness to the encounter described the two leaders as like "lads looking for a brawl outside a pub on a Friday night").

Nor is the new spat on the scale of 2002-2003, when Franco-British relations sank to an all-time low over Paris's fierce but ultimately futile opposition to the invasion of Iraq. Blair termed Chirac's stance "foolish" and "irresponsible", Chirac asked Blair how he would answer when Leo asked what he had done in the war, his foreign minister Jack Straw recalled "Napoleon – and remember who won", and even Straw's urbane French counterpart Dominique de Villepin complained of "comments unworthy of a friend and a European partner".

So, as rows go: not bad, but could do better. If perhaps not as well as in the period from 1066 to 1815, when the two countries fought each other in, among others, the Norman invasion, the wars of Henry II, the hundred years war, the Italian wars, the wars of the Spanish and Austrian succession, the seven years war, the American revolutionary war, the French revolutionary wars and the Napoleonic wars. Eight-hundred-odd years of near-continual armed conflict do tend to colour a relationship.

Today's Anglo-French rivalries, though, are born not of military ambition but long-established and strongly-held differences of view: social, cultural, political, commercial, on the economy, Europe, America, and free-market liberalism versus the "social model". Each remains the other's favourite mirror, in which to hold itself up and say: "Well, at least we're not like them."

For as Chirac once put it, "You can't trust people who cook as badly as that." Or as Noel Coward preferred: "There's always something fishy about the French."

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Older people suffering under 'poorly publicised' fuel poverty scheme

Tea's up … but so are energy bills – and older people are struggling. Photograph: Ian Shaw/Alamy

Thousands of older people may be left in the cold this winter because the government's fuel poverty scheme is poorly publicised and too complicated, according to a leading pensioners' group.

The National Pensioners' Convention (NPC), which has 1.5 million members, has criticised the government's Warm Home Discount (WHD) scheme in the wake of statistics released by the Office for National Statistics which show there were 25,700 excess winter deaths last year.

Under the programme, participating energy suppliers hand cash-strapped pensioners a £120 yearly rebate on their bill. But the "big six" energy companies and the government are failing to publicise the scheme sufficiently, meaning many pensioners are unaware they could benefit, according to the NPC.

For the first year of the scheme, which the government says is worth up to £1.1bn over four years, only older people on pension credit – worth £137.35 a week – are eligible for the yearly rebate, while participating energy suppliers have discretion to extend support to those on low incomes.

NPC's general secretary Dot Gibson said: "There has not been enough publicity about the scheme – it's too complicated and pensioners are unsure whether they qualify for extra help or not.

"The cost of fuel is rising and the government's cut to the winter fuel allowance means pensioners need all the help they can get to keep warm this winter – yet neither the government nor the 'big six' energy companies seem particularly bothered about letting people know what help is available."

The NPC is calling for energy companies to adopt broader criteria so that more vulnerable pensioners can benefit from the scheme. Three companies – EDF, npower and Scottish Power – only offer the rebate to people who are disabled, while British Gas closed the wider support scheme on 11 October, meaning new customers will miss out.

E.ON has also closed the wider scheme to new customers, while EDF appears to be the only company that has written to customers notifying them of the WHD programme.

While British Gas did offer support to those on lower incomes, E.ON and Scottish and Southern Energy only provide help for those on pension credit guarantee, guarantee and savings, or just the savings element of pension credit.

The Department for Work and Pensions also came under fire after making no mention of the fact that people may be eligible for WHD in recent letters sent about the winter fuel allowance.

A spokesman for the DWP said it was not their responsibility to mention the scheme, but the duty of the Department of Energy and Climate Change. He said: "Eligibility for the Warm Home Discount rebate and the winter fuel payment are entirely different, and it would not be appropriate to refer to the Warm Home Discount in a letter notifying a much wider group of people that their winter fuel payment has been sent."

However, the DECC has yet to send pensioners any information about the programme, publishing only a statement on its website. However, in a statement it said: "This year nearly 600,000 pensioners will be notified by Christmas that £120 will be paid automatically into their account – this is the beauty of the Warm Home Discount scheme as most pensioners don't need to lift a finger to claim because the hard work is done for them.

"Energy companies will also be required to help more than just the poorest pensioners too – they will need to identify other vulnerable people they can help like the terminally ill or disabled. Suppliers will also be spending more money than previouslym – last year the voluntary agreement was worth £179m and this year they will spend £250m."

The NPC point out that many pensioners do not use the internet, leaving them unaware that they may benefit. "It is no good simply relying on a message on a website when the vast majority of older people don't even own a computer," Gibson said.

By 2014 the government plans to roll out the scheme so that all households in receipt of the guarantee and savings element of pension credit are eligible.

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Leveson inquiry: Sean Hoare's brother to appear

Sean Hoare made fresh allegations against his former employer in the New York Times in late 2010. Photograph: News International/PA

The brother of Sean Hoare, the former News of the World reporter who blew the whistle on phone hacking, is to appear on same day as Piers Morgan at the Leveson inquiry into press ethics next week.

Stuart Hoare is expected to be asked what his brother, who was found dead at his home in July, had said about the culture and work practices at the Sunday tabloid.

An inquest in November heard that Hoare suffered from alcoholic liver disease and died of natural causes.

Stuart told the inquest the medical evidence "reflected the deterioration and stress he was under for the last few months".

Hoare made fresh allegations against his former employer in the New York Times in late 2010 and the coroner told how he had been "indicating that he was drinking as a crutch" following these revelations.

He will appear on Monday as will James Hanning, the deputy editor of the Independent on Sunday, who is expected to testify about Hoare.

It is understood Stuart Hoare told police that Sean "trusted" him and he may have been invited to appear at the inquiry for this reason.

Hanning has also taken a keen interest in phone hacking. He is currently updating his biography of David Cameron to include a reference to the scandal and the prime minister's handling of former News of the World editor Andy Coulson's resignation as his head of communications.

Also on next week is Matt Driscoll, a former sports reporter on the News of the World, who is testifying on Monday.

He won almost £800,000 at an employment tribunal in 2009 for unfair dismissal and disability discrimination.

Talkshow host Piers Morgan, the former editor of the Daily Mirror and the News of the World, is to appear before the Leveson inquiry on Tuesday.

He will give evidence by satellite from Los Angeles and is expected to be quizzed about his public statements about celebrities, phone hacking and his experience at the helm of two of the country's best-selling newspapers.

Sharon Marshall, the former TV editor of the News of the World, is also expected to testify on Tuesday alongside Christopher Johnson, Matthew Bell and Steve Turner. It is understood that Leveson has called Marshall as a witness because of her book Tabloid Girl.

Julian Pike, a partner at law firm Farrer & Co, is to appear for a second time on Tuesday. He may be quizzed on the circumstances surrounding a legal action taken by Sienna Miller over phone hacking.

The inquiry will take testimony for just three days next week.

On Wednesday it will hear from former Mirror journalist James Hipwell, the former financial journalist who was jailed for insider trading offences at the Daily Mirror where he co-wrote the "City Slickers" column before being sacked in 2000.

Following his release in 2006, he alleged that phone hacking had taken place at the Mirror and said he was writing a book that would expose tabloid practices.

David Pilditch, a former colleague of Hipwell's at the Mirror and journalist Padraic Flanagan will also appear on Wednesday.

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Ministry of Defence police face up to 1,500 job cuts

The MoD police are responsible for security at Faslane. Photograph: Murdo Macleod for the Guardian

Up to 1,500 jobs are likely to axed from the Ministry of Defence police because of deep budget cuts that will also strip the force of its powers to investigate fraud.

The Defence Police Federation said it had received a letter on Thursday from the defence minister Andrew Robotham which confirmed that the budget would be reduced from £300m to £180m.

The union estimates that the civilian force, which is responsible for providing security to some of the UK's most sensitive military bases, such as the nuclear submarine base at Faslane, in Scotland, will only be able to afford 2,000 staff, down from 3,500.

Some of the job losses will come from voluntary redundancies, but the union expects between 400 and 800 will need to be compulsory.

No formal announcement has been made, but the Guardian has also learned that the MoD police is to be stripped of its powers to investigate suspected fraud in complex and lucrative procurement projects.

An internal memo circulated to senior staff in the department this week said it was one of a range of extra measures needed because money was so tight.

The leaked memo said: "Other measures include reducing the [military defence police force] CID to intelligence analysis and removing all anti-fraud detection capability and relying on local police forces."

Describing the measures as being in the "high pain" category, the memo said regular soldiers would have "to take on unarmed guarding duties at most fleet, land and air sites". These jobs are currently undertaken by specifically trained military guard services.

There are 153 detectives in the MoD police, short of the full complement of nearly 200 because some officers have not been replaced.

Eamon Keating, national chairman of the federation, said the cuts would put national security and public safety at risk. He disputed a recent claim by the prime minister that cuts would not lead to a reduction in security around Faslane and the Royal Navy armament depot at Coulport in Scotland.

"Less than a month ago, the prime minister stood in the House of Commons and insisted there were no plans to cut the MoD police presence at two of our most important sites," Keating said. "It is a fact that plans for cuts at these sites do exist, and the bottom line is that the prime minister and the Ministry of Defence have and are continuing to mislead parliament on what is an issue of national security.

"The MoD's decision to cut the MoD police's budget is shocking and completely irresponsible, and is based on a consultation that has been flawed from the very start. We all know that savings have to be made, but in making this decision ministers have said very clearly that this government cares more about the bottom line than the safety and security of our armed forces and the general public."

Keating said it would be "ludicrous and dangerous" if the MoD police also lost its CID anti-fraud units. "Our CID is cost neutral because they investigate crimes that save the MoD money. What kind of police force are we if we cannot investigate anything? Our CID units investigate procurement fraud which requires a great deal of skill and experience. Who will be able to do that now?"

David Cameron was asked about security at defence bases during questions in the House of Commons. He said there were "no current plans to reduce the number of MoD police officers at either Faslane or Coulport. These are absolutely vital sites."

An MoD spokesperson said a review had concluded there was "scope for some changes" that would focus the force's resources "where they can best mitigate the crime and security risks faced by the MoD".

"We will continue to safeguard defence sites, people, assets and information and would never contemplate changes that would place these in jeopardy. Security at defence nuclear sites is absolutely paramount and changes to the MoD police that have been agreed will not undermine the security in place at Faslane and Coulport."

Boris Johnson's Routemaster makes debut on London's streets

Mayor of London Boris Johnson on board the new Routemaster bus in Trafalgar Square. Photograph: Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images

London tourists got something of a surprise on Friday – Boris Johnson delightedly gurning from the open rear platform of the capital's new double-decker bus.

The mayor's manifesto pledge to erase the practical yet unloved bendy bus and restore the alleged freedom of the Routemaster's open entrance has – in part – finally been delivered. Eight of the prototypes will come into service early next year, with the first running on route 38 from Victoria to Clapton.

"It is, of course, complete coincidence that the first one runs past my house," chortled Johnson, who seeks re-election next May.

Officially it is the New Bus for London but, like London's Barclays bikes, it is eventually likely to be christened the Boris Bus. Moving quickly from platform to driver seat to passenger door, the mayor said it was "a bus designed here in London, styled here in London, built in Britain." The bus had the domed look of the capital, he said: "St Pauls, a taxi, a bowler hat."

More spacious than the old Routemaster and bigger than current double deckers, the bus has clearly won the affection of TfL supremos Peter Hendy and Leon Daniels, who took turns to drive it from City Hall . "A fabulous turning circle," said Daniels.

TfL tests have apparently shown that the prototype, designed by London-based Heatherwick Studio and built by Wrightbus in Northern Ireland, will emit half the carbon and nitrogen pollution and run on half the fuel of the average diesel double decker.

The interior has leather upholstery, clear windows and even details such as a wireless bell to attract the driver. How long it remains so pristine when it operates as a night bus to Hackney remains to be seen.

Faced with the criticism that this is an expensive vanity project at a time of rising fares and austerity, Johnson was indignant. "Do bendy bus lovers want a British bus that is cleaner, greener, or a German-made bus unsuitable for British streets?" he said.

No one else would buy a bus with an open platform, it was suggested, due to EU regulations. Johnson replied: "I believe the approach we have taken will be copied. This is not a hop-on, hop-off you Frogs, two fingers to Europe, just a simple commensensical approach to London's needs."

- Reading Quran and reflecting over the Quran Is our Duty

Read quran and it will guided us to the true teaching of The Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) he summarized the religion of Islam with this statement: “The Religion is naseehah (sincerity)!” So then Tameem ibn Aws, may Allah be pleased with him, then said, “We asked, ‘To whom?’” He said: “To Allah, HIS BOOK holy quran, His Messenger, the leaders of the people, and their common folk.” [Muslim] so to study the religion people should go to the source of and source of Islam is the quran so learning quran and reading quran with the meaning the quran tafsir and then explore the words of wisdom. And for the Muslims the sincerity that is due to the Book of Allah includes doing the quran recitation, listening to quran along with learning the tajweed rules and reciting it beautifully, letting our kids learn quran learning holy quran tafseer and the reasons for its revelation, affirming that it is the Truth, the perfect Speech of Allah and not part of the creation, honoring it and defending it, abiding by the orders and prohibitions found in it and teaching quran to spread the word or truth and calling to it. So by learning quran education online and reflecting over the Quran online, one fulfills an obligation and is rewarded for that. Upon fulfilling this obligation, the Quran then becomes a proof for him on the Day of Judgment! And that is our second benefit we will take by embracing this Noble Book...

Credit rating battle: how the UK and France measure up

Sarkozy versus Cameron: economic statistics show it's too close to call. Photograph: John Schults / Reuters/REUTERS

The entente is no longer so cordiale. As the big credit rating firms assess whether to strip France of its prized AAA status, Bank of France chief Christian Noyer this week produced a long list of reasons why he believes the agencies should turn their fire on Britain before his own country.

France's finance minister François Baroin put things even more bluntly: "We'd rather be French than British in economic terms."

But is the outlook across the Channel really better than in Britain? Taking Noyer's reasons to downgrade Britain – it "has more deficits, as much debt, more inflation, less growth than us" – he is certainly right on some counts.

Britain's deficit will stand at 7% of GDP next year, while France's will be 4.6%, according to International Monetary Fund forecasts. But Britain's net debt is put at 76.9% of GDP in 2012 and France's at 83.5%. UK inflation has been way above the government-set target of 2% this year and the IMF forecasts it will be 2.4% in 2012. In France the rate is expected to be 1.4%.

On growth, neither country can claim a stellar performance. France's economy grew 0.4% in the third quarter and Britain's 0.5%. Nor has either a particularly rosy outlook. In Britain the economy is expected to grow by 1.6% in 2012. But in the near term there is a 1-in-3 chance of a recession, according to the independent Office for Budget Responsibility. In France, the IMF predicts slightly slower 2012 growth of 1.4%. But in the near term France's national statistics office predicts a technical, albeit short, recession.

What Noyer and Baroin fail to mention, say economists, are the other key factors the credit ratings agencies take into account. What the agencies are charged with assessing is how likely a country is to be able to repay its debts. In making that call, whether a country is in the euro or not plays a big role, said Victoria Cadman, economist at Investec.

"If a country is in the euro it is seen as having more risks to its balance sheet," she says, noting France is a particularly big contributor to the eurozone bailout fund, the European financial stability facility. "Monetary autonomy is important as well. Britain can keep the printing presses going. France doesn't have that luxury," added Cadman.

The fact the Bank of England has embarked on quantitative easing (QE) is a reflection of a weak economic outlook. But it is already helping the UK's repayment prospects, because it involved the central bank buying government bonds, argued Alan Clarke, eurozone economist at Scotia Capital. The European Central Bank has shown no such willingness towards QE.

"The UK central bank is buying so many gilts and will probably announce more purchases in the new year. There is hardly enough debt to go around, so the risk of a default is low," says Clarke.

Ratings agencies will also be looking at repayment of maturing bonds and interest. France has to come up with £100bn next year, but the UK has to find only half that, £53bn.

There is also the question of how committed a government is to deficit reduction. In the UK the coalition has vowed not to stray from its austerity drive, and in France, there are elections next year, but still the government has remained committed to cuts. "Sarkozy has done two pre-election fiscal tightening measures, which is quite brave in the run-up to an election," says Clarke.

On the deficit, like so many other factors, the agencies are looking well beyond where things stand now. Longer-term France and the UK are level-pegging in deficit terms. The IMF puts the shortfall at 2.3% of GDP for both countries in 2015.

So where should that leave their ratings?

Investec's Cadman says she has sympathy with the ratings agencies' current stance: "They have got to take into account the credibility of deficit reduction programmes, whether a country is in the eurozone, whether it has monetary autonomy and on balance the fact they are looking at France is sensible. But that doesn't mean to say they won't have another look at the UK."

Read quran its is the Word of Allah the sigh of guidance

Reading quran and exploring it is the true duty of a Muslim because it contains Allah’s message to all people and the quran teaching tells the people that how to act correctly. By learning quran you will find that it guides us to a correct way of life in this world. We as a practicing Muslim should teach our kids quran and let the kids learn quran recitation and do quran memorization and we also do quran memorization by heart and there is an other importing thing that learn quran with tajweed because the tajweed rules are very important regarding the pronunciation and way or read the holy quran and further more enhancing the quranic studies by learning quran tafseer and reading quran the translation with it listening to quran online with the quran recitation don by some of the top reciter also. It is the Book of Allah also talks about life after death. It tells us that Allah has prepared Paradise for good people and Hell for bad people. Wile reading Quran we see that it encourages the worship of only one God Who creates and provides for them. The Book forbids people from evil and condemns those who do wrong. It contains stories of the past Prophets and the examples of bad and good people. Find online quran courses 

 

Undercover police officers' lies wrecked lives, say women they duped

Undercover officer Mark Kennedy was exposed when his girlfriend found his real passport. Photograph: Guardian

Police spy Mark Kennedy traces his downfall to a startling discovery by his then girlfriend. In the summer of last year, they were abroad on holiday together when she came across his real passport in the glove compartment of his van, he has said.

She thought she had been going out for years with a committed environmental activist calling himself Mark Stone.

But here was his passport with a different name – Mark Kennedy. Once again he lied and claimed that it was one of many passports he had acquired while he was smuggling drugs, a key part of fake identity.

But the spy's big lie was about to be rumbled. Further investigation by her and her fellow political campaigners established that he was in fact an undercover policeman sent to infiltrate green and anti-war groups for seven years.

That discovery set in train a series of disclosures which have begun to lay bare a covert police operation to infiltrate political groups over the past four decades.

Now comes news of a planned lawsuit which could expose more of a particularly controversial part of that secret operation.

Eight women who say they unwittingly formed intimate long-term relationships with undercover policemen for up to nine years have started legal action against police chiefs.

Their planned lawsuit highlights heartbreaking stories of women who fell in love with men they believed could have been their soulmates.

But they have discovered that those men lied to them for years about their real identities, pasts and backgrounds – a fundamental part of anyone's existence.

They have described how they were betrayed in different ways, both political and personal.

In legal papers, they say the undercover policemen deceived them "by pretending that they were also political activists who shared their values, aims and broad political outlook".

Some of the men are said to have been married at the time and had children, but concealed this part of their life completely from them.

The women do not wish to be named as they want to prevent further intrusion into their privacy and will be asking a judge for anonymity during the legal proceedings. They consider that their private lives have already been grossly invaded in the most intimate way by the police spies.

Two however have previously talked to the Guardian.

One, Laura (not her real name), told her story as she wanted to warn police chiefs that their undercover operation "wrecks lives".

She was an environmental activist who had a relationship in 1999 and 2000 with "Jim Sutton", whom she believed was a fellow campaigner. They had what she called "a blissfully in-love relationship" until he suddenly left to go travelling in Turkey and South Africa.

She was left confused and spent more than a year trying to find him, travelling to South Africa. They met again in a chance encounter in 2001. By then, he had come off his undercover deployment and admitted that he was a policeman whose real name was Jim Boyling.

Laura says he deceived her again by claiming that he was going to quit his job, but never did. She believes that his undercover training enabled him to deceive her again at a time when she was in a state of shock and trauma.

On Friday she said he claimed that "he was a turncoat, had been converted to the cause but was at risk from his employers, in order to create further deceit about his intentions, further entrapping me deeper into a relationship that I would never have entered in the first place".

"The responsibility for the lasting damage this has caused me and our children goes right back to the undercover operation by the Metropolitan police and the training they gave him in the art of duplicity." They divorced in 2008.

Boyling denied any wrongdoing, adding that – as the lawyers for the women "have indicated they intend to bring an action against the Metropolitan police – the proper venue to determine whether there is any truth in the allegations is the court and not the media".

Another, Jenny (also not her real name), had an 18-month relationship in the 1980s with a man who called himself Bob Robinson. But in reality he was Bob Lambert, an undercover policeman tasked with infiltrating animal rights and environmental groups.

She fell deeply in love with him, but he said he had to flee to Spain as Special Branch wanted to arrest him for his political activities. She was heartbroken, but only discovered his true identity this year.

After his undercover work was exposed in October, he apologised to her for tricking her into having the relationship with him, admitting that it was part of an elaborate attempt to make his fake identity more credible. She had not been politically active.

In the legal papers, Harriet Wistrich, the lawyer from the Birnberg Peirce law firm representing the women, says that in the cases of four women, the relationships ended when the men suddenly disappeared.

The men, she says, claimed "variously that they were depressed, that they needed to sort their heads out, that they needed to go on the run from the police, that they wanted a period to go travelling".

The true reason, she says, is that the police spies had been "ordered by their superiors to end the undercover operation".

The depth and breath of the allegations, stretching from 1987 to 2010, directly challenge the claim by police chiefs that their undercover officers are not "under any circumstances" permitted to sleep with the people they are spying on.

Jon Murphy, the chief constable of Merseyside and the police chiefs' spokesman on the issue, told the Guardian in January that it was "never acceptable" and was "grossly unprofessional".

He said: "It is a diversion from what they are there to do. It is morally wrong because people have been put there to do a particular task and people have got trust in them."

More recently, Murphy has said that undercover officers "never" form relationships with the targets of surveillance in order to bolster their fake identity.

Last month, Murphy said: "The reality is from time to time, people will develop relationships that go beyond what they should. It is the responsibility of supervisors to monitor closely and ensure that does not happen."

But the mounting evidence suggests that for years, police chiefs have known about the sexual relationships and either approved of them or turned a blind eye, preferring not to question, for example, where their officers were getting their information from.

Kennedy says he did not tell his superiors about his relationship with one of the women, although he says it was "unrealistic" to believe that they did not know.

Pete Black, an undercover officer who infiltrated anti-racist groups in the 1990s, has said that sex was widely used as a technique to blend in and gather intelligence.

He has described an informal code that the spies should not fall in love with the women – or allow the women to fall in love with them.

In the legal papers, the men are accused of spying on a wide range of anti-capitalist, anti-war and animal rights groups as well as environmental campaigns such as Reclaim the Streets and Earth First.

 

Learn Holy Quran because it will be a proof for us muslim on the Day of Judgment.

This is due to the statement of the Messenger: “And the Quran is a proof for you or against you.” [Muslim] so the deputy of every Muslim is to read quran and learn quran with tajweed so one of two things will occur with this proof, the Book of Allah. And this quran education will be in your favor, a proof for us on the Day when we will need every single good deed and learning quran along with doing quran memorization is one of it and to add more spread the quran teaching and spread the kids quran knowledge and listening to quran online and understand the quran tafseer , it will be something standing against us and follow the guidance of or prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, and these good deeds will be a proof against us! Who could be saved from the terrors of that Day if Allah’s own Speech is against him?!?! Think carefully, so reading Arabic Quran and teaching our kids quran qaida with the tafseer of quran  and let the kids memorize quran dear Muslim brother or sister, about your position with the reading Quran! Are you neglecting it, contradicting it, being heedless of its orders and prohibitions, are you thinking deeply over it?! Will it be on your side on the Day of Judgment.? So learn quran recitation! O Allah! We ask you, by Your Glorious Speech and the rest of your beautiful Names and Attributes, to make the Quran a proof for us! So the Quran tutor should let his student know about these facts also,

'Stakeknife' accused may appear at Dublin tribunal

Murdered RUC officer Superintendent Bob Buchanan. Photograph: Family Handout/PA

A man accused of being a British agent operating inside the IRA known as Stakeknife may give evidence to a public tribunal in Dublin investigating alleged collusion between the provisionals and members of the Garda Siochana.

During evidence on Friday at the Smithwick tribunal, counsel for Freddie Scappaticci – accused of being the former head of the IRA's spy-catching team and an agent for Britain – indicated his client might give evidence.

As his lawyer, Martin O'Rourke, applied for a second counsel for Scappaticci, the judge heading the tribunal asked about his client's willingness to co-operate with the inquiry.

When the tribunal chairman, Judge Peter Smithwick, asked if Scappaticci would make a statement to the inquiry or turn up to give evidence, O'Rourke replied: "That is being given active consideration by my client."

The presence of Scappaticci at the tribunal would enable lawyers for the families of two police officers the IRA murdered in 1989 to quiz him about his alleged role as the provisionals' spy hunter and claims he was at the same time one of the British state's most important agents inside the republican terror group.

The Belfast republican has always denied he was the agent known as Stakeknife, even though several former IRA members and former members of the army's force research unit have claimed he was working inside the provisionals for the British state.

His atttendance would also allow the families' legal team to question him over his role in the IRA at the time of the double murder and his dealings with other senior provisionals, some of whom were also and remain prominent members of Sinn Féin.

The Smithwick tribunal was established to investigate claims that a Garda "mole" set up Chief Superintendent Harry Breen and Superintendent Bob Buchanan after they left a police station in the Irish Republic.

The suggestion that Scappaticci might attend came on the third day of evidence to the tribunal from Newry man Kevin Fulton, a former British agent who admits he infiltrated the IRA.

He repeated claims that Scappaticci was a British agent in the IRA known by the code name Stakeknife. At the time of Breen and Buchanan's killing, Fulton claims Scappaticci was aware of the plot to ambush and kill the two senior Royal Ulster Constabulary officers on the border.

The tribunal was told of an IRA death threat sent to Fulton's address in Newry in February 2001.

"You have been sentenced by court martial in your absence. You are charged. General order no 5 part 5, general order no 11, on both charges you were found guilty. The penalty for both charges is death. Sentence to be carried out at our convenience."

The letter was signed "P O'Neill, Oglaigh na hEireann".

When asked why he had travelled from the UK to give evidence to the tribunal, Fulton said: "I started something and I had to finish it."

When asked what the IRA would think about what he was doing in giving evidence, Fulton said: "It's treachery. They would kill me."

He denied he was lying about the collusion allegations he made against a former Dundalk-based garda who has consistently denied any wrongdoing or links with the IRA.

Important note to learn and Read Quran online

The Holy Quran is the word of Allah; it has been sent down to guide us and the guidance can online be gained through reading quran online. No other book can be like holy quran. As you come to the learn tajweed quran, Allah speaks to you and reading Arabic Quran is to hear Him, even to converse with Him, and to walk in His ways. So it is must for us as a Muslim to learn and do quran memorization by heart and the Quran tutor should teach the kids from quran qaida and then teaching quran online along with the quran tafseer and let the kids memorize quran so that we as Muslim could learn quran tajweed rules and then understand the quran tafseer  It is the encounter of life with the Life-giver. 'God - there is no god but He, the Ever-living, the Self-subsisting (by whom all subsist)  He has sent down upon you the Book with the Truth ... as a guidance unto mankind ...' (Al 'Imran 3: 2-3 learn quran recitation). So we should always remember the guidance of Allah and we should be listening to quran online along with obeying the commandments of Allah so let us join hands to lean the Koran and let our kids do quran memorization and learn the teaching of quran education online and apply them in there life there is kids quran lesson available online as well

Family of dead Chinese protester dispute heart attack claim

Wukan villagers attend a meeting after hearing the news that protester Xue Jinbo had died in police custody. Photograph: Reuters

The family of a Chinese protester who died in police detention have rejected official claims of a heart attack and vowed to continue a bloody three-month struggle for their land.

Relatives said they were unable to prepare a funeral for Xue Jinbo – a butcher from Wukan village in Guangdong province – because police refused to hand over the body after showing them that he had died on Monday.

"They told us he died from a cardiac arrest. But that is not true. He has never had heart disease," said a family member who asked to remain anonymous. "There were bruises on his hands, feet and forehead. We believe he was beaten to death."

On Monday, thousands of villagers participated in memorial rites for Xue, who was detained the previous week and accused of inciting riots that have erupted sporadically in the village.

His supporters claim the 43-year-old was merely a negotiator in their claim against the Shanwei city government. Villagers say the authorities have illegally seized land worth close to £100m for development and have dispatched thousands of paramilitaries to lockdown the residents.

"The main streets are blocked. Some villagers have problems buying rice," said one resident. Access remains possible via back roads and the internet is working again after being blocked on Monday.

The case has generated strong interest among China's online community, but many critical comments on microblogs and chatrooms have been blocked. The Southern Daily newspaper noted that Xue's family disagreed with the police account of his death, which is being investigated by the Shanwei people's procurator, it reported.

The Wukan unrest began in September when a furious mob ransacked a government office, sparking a brutal response by police. Last month, 4,000 villagers demonstrated peacefully but the violence returned when police used teargas to disperse villagers armed with staves. Five locals were detained.

Guangdong – which borders Hong Kong – is one of the most industrialised and wealthy provinces in China, but it has also been at the forefront of violent protests over land.

The government has stopped issuing statistics on the number of "mass incidents" in China, but a recent study by scholars at Tsinghua University estimated there were more than 180,000 in 2010. Other academics say the figure is about half that.

Zhou Yongkang, China's public security chief, has warned that unrest may become more common in future as economic growth starts to slow. Meanwhile, Wukan looks set to remain a flashpoint. Roadside protest banners accuse corrupt officials of seizing land. Villagers say Xue's death only adds to their resolve. "We will not give up. All we want is justice," said a relative. "Before he died, Xue wrote a note saying 'there is no truth inside China'. I think he was right."

Additional reporting by Cecily Huang

Nine great benefits of reciting Holy Quran 

·  Reading Quran and reflecting over the Noble Quran fulfils an Islamic duty.

·  learn holy quran will be a proof for us on the Day of Judgment.

·  The Noble koran online will intercede for us on the Day of Judgment.

·  Your status in this life will be raised.

·  You will be from the best of the people.

·  There are ten rewards for each letter you recite from the Noble Qur'an.

·  The reciters of the Noble Qur'an will be in the company of the noble and obedient angels.

·  Your position in Paradise is determined by the amount of Noble Qur'an you memorize in this life!

·  The Noble Qur'an will lead you to Paradise!